ADSORPTION STUDIES OF CADMIUM ION FROM WATER USING BIOCHAR PRODUCED FROM GOAT HORN

Abstract

Biochar produced from goat horn was used to investigate the adsorption of cadmium (Cd2+) ion. The proximate analysis of the goat horn biochar was carried out, the moisture content, ash content and bulk density were 10.62%, 6.5% and 0.57 respectively. FTIR characterization shows functional group of O-H, C=H, C-O, C=C and P-O. SEM  analysis shows some distinct porosity, irregular surfaces with roughness. Adsorption batch experiment was carried out at room temperature, the effect of pH, Cd2+ ion concentration and contact time were investigated. The optimal adsorption was achieved at pH 7, 20mg/L, 60min, and the maximum adsorption capacity was 38.84mg/g. The isotherm data fit best for both Temkins and Langmuir which indicated a uniform distribution of bonding energy between the Cd2+ ion and biochar and also a monolayer adsorption process. The kinetic study best fits pseudo-second-order reaction, suggesting that chemisorptions dominated the adsorption process.